What Clay Roof Tiles Are Called: Types, Names, and Uses

Clay roof tiles have been used for centuries and go by a variety of names depending on their shape, finish, and regional terminology. This article explains the most common names, styles, materials, and practical differences so homeowners and builders can identify, choose, and maintain clay roofing with confidence. Understanding these terms helps when shopping, repairing, or specifying roofing.

Common Name	Also Called	Typical Use/Style
Spanish Barrel Tile	Mission Tile, Curved Tile	Mediterranean, Spanish Revival
Roman Tile	Flat-Top Barrel, Interlocking Roman	Formal Mediterranean/Italian
Pantile	S-Profile Tile	Historic European, coastal
Flat Clay Tile	Tile Shingle, Slate-Look	Classic, Colonial
Interlocking Tile	Locking Clay Tile	Modern, wind-resistant installations

Common Names And Styles Of Clay Roof Tiles

Clay roof tiles are often identified by their profile and installation method. Barrel or Spanish tiles are convex and concave shapes laid alternately to channel water. Roman tiles combine curved and flat surfaces in one unit to create a semi-flat appearance. Pantiles have an S-shaped profile and are common in some European-influenced regions. Flat clay tiles resemble shingles and are used where a low-profile look is desired. Interlocking clay tiles incorporate a tongue-and-groove or overlapping shape for enhanced weather resistance.

Material And Finish Terms

Not all tile names describe shape alone; some indicate material or finish. Terracottaglazed tiles or ceramic tiles in some catalogs. Salt-glazed or varnished finishes are less common in roofing but appear in specialty tiles.

Regional And Historical Naming Conventions

Names vary by region and architectural tradition. In the U.S., “Spanish tile” and “Mission tile” are common in the Southwest and California. In the Northeast and parts of the Midwest, older houses might use the term pantile or simply “tile roof.” Historic preservation catalogs may call certain products by their original trade names or by the style period (e.g., Colonial clay tile).

Technical Categories: Interlocking Vs. Non-Interlocking

Technically, clay tiles fall into two broad installation categories. Non-interlocking (two-piece) tiles such as traditional barrel tiles rely on lapping and mechanical fasteners for stability. Interlocking tiles have built-in mechanical edges to lock tiles together, offering better wind uplift resistance and simpler installation details. Knowing this distinction helps when specifying underlayment and fasteners.

Shape-Based Types And Their Uses

The tile shape often defines the roof’s appearance and drainage behavior. Barrel (Mission/Spanish) tiles create a rhythmic, rippled look suited to Mediterranean and Spanish Revival homes. Roman tiles produce a flatter surface with subtle shadow lines, commonly used for Italianate and high-end Mediterranean styles. Pantiles give a wavy, rhythmic appearance and are often lighter in visual scale. Flat tiles deliver a more restrained, shingle-like aesthetic found on Colonial, Tudor, and contemporary homes.

How To Identify Clay Tiles Versus Concrete Or Synthetic

Clay tiles are lighter in certain profiles and have a distinct fired-clay texture and color variation. Concrete tiles

Benefits Specific To Clay Tile Types

Different clay tile types provide various benefits. Barrel tilesInterlocking tilesGlazed clay tiles

Installation Considerations And Fastening

Clay tile installation varies by tile type and roof pitch. Two-piece barrel systemsInterlocking tiles

Cost, Lifespan, And Maintenance Differences

Clay tiles generally cost more upfront than asphalt shingles, with price influenced by type: flat and interlocking tiles tend to be pricier per square than basic barrel tiles. Lifespan ranges from 50 to 100+ years for well-made clay tiles. Maintenance is usually minimal—periodic inspection, replacing cracked tiles, and ensuring flashings and underlayment remain intact. Glazed tiles typically require less staining maintenance than unglazed terracotta.

Common Misnomers And Marketing Names

Manufacturers and retailers sometimes use marketing names that can confuse buyers. Terms like “Spanish slate” or “Mediterranean composite tile” might refer to concrete or synthetic products shaped like clay. Always verify the material composition—clay, concrete, or polymer—when price or warranty differences matter.

Selecting The Right Clay Tile For A Project

Choosing the right tile involves matching architectural style, climate, roof pitch, and budget. For coastal or high-wind areas, interlocking clay tiles or mechanically-fastened systems are often preferable. For historic restoration, finding authentic barrel or pantile profiles may be necessary. Always factor in the roof deck’s load capacity because some clay tiles are heavier than alternative materials.

Where To Buy And What To Ask

Clay tiles are available from specialty roofing suppliers, manufacturers, and some national distributors. When shopping, ask for the tile’s material specification, weight per square foot, wind uplift rating, freeze-thaw resistance, and warranty details. Request installation instructions and certified installer lists to ensure proper performance and warranty compliance.

Code, Insurance, And Permit Considerations

Clay tiles typically meet fire-resistance codes (Class A in many cases) but local building codes may require specific underlayment or attachment methods. Insurance companies may offer reduced premiums for fire-resistant roofing but could require inspection documentation. Confirm local code acceptance and obtain any required permits before installation.

Common Repairs And Replacement Tips

Repairs for clay tile roofs concentrate on replacing cracked or slipped tiles and addressing flashing failures. Use matching tile profiles and colors where possible; mismatched replacements can be noticeable. For extensive underlayment or deck issues, a partial re-roof may be necessary. Engage an experienced tile roofer for troubleshooting and structural assessments.

Frequently Asked Questions About Clay Tile Names

Q: Are Spanish, Mission, and Barrel tiles the same? These terms are often used interchangeably; “Spanish” and “Mission” typically refer to curved barrel-style tiles. Q: Is terracotta the same as clay tile? Terracotta is a type of fired clay often used to describe unglazed clay tiles. Q: Can clay tiles be used in cold climates? Yes, but choose frost-resistant tiles specified for freeze-thaw cycles and ensure proper underlayment and ventilation.

Resources And Further Reading

Authoritative resources include local building code offices, manufacturer technical bulletins, and roofing industry groups such as the National Roofing Contractors Association (NRCA). Manufacturer product data sheets clarify naming conventions, installation details, and performance metrics for each tile type.